The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 allows consumers to seek redress for defective goods, deficient services and unfair trade practices before District, State and National Consumer Commissions. Disputes involving banks, insurers, hospitals, developers, airlines and online sellers frequently arise.
We advise consumers on whether a complaint is maintainable, prepare and file it, and represent them at hearings. We also act for businesses responding to complaints.
What this covers
- Defective products and deficiency in service
- Insurance claim repudiation
- Banking and financial services complaints
- Housing and builder disputes
- E-commerce complaints
- Appeals before State and National Commissions
How the process generally works
- Notice to the opposite party
A written complaint or legal notice often resolves the matter and records the grievance.
- Choose the commission
Jurisdiction depends on the value of goods or services paid as consideration and on where the complainant lives or works or where the cause arose.
- File
Complaints can be filed physically or online through the e-Daakhil portal.
- Hearing and order
The commission hears the parties and may order replacement, refund, compensation and costs.
Relevant law
- Consumer Protection Act, 2019, including section 69 (two-year limitation)
- Consumer Protection (Jurisdiction of the District Commission, the State Commission and the National Commission) Rules, 2021
Common questions
Which consumer commission should I approach?
Under the currently notified rules, District Commissions hear complaints where the consideration paid is up to ₹50 lakh, State Commissions above ₹50 lakh up to ₹2 crore, and the National Commission above ₹2 crore. These limits can change, so confirm the current position before filing.
Is there a time limit?
A complaint should generally be filed within two years from the date the cause of action arose, although the commission may condone delay for sufficient cause.